Bash

🌐 ping – Check Network Connectivity

Syntax:

ping [OPTIONS] HOST

Options:

Option	Description
-c	Number of packets to send
-i	Interval between packets
-t	Set TTL (Time To Live)
-q	Quiet output (summary only)

Examples:

ping google.com
ping -c 4 8.8.8.8
ping -i 2 example.com

---

🌍 curl – Transfer Data From or To a URL

Syntax:

curl [OPTIONS] [URL]

Options:

Option	Description
-O	Save with original filename
-o	Specify output file
-L	Follow redirects
-I	Show only headers
-d	Send POST data
-X	Specify HTTP method

Examples:

curl https://example.com
curl -O https://example.com/file.txt
curl -o saved.txt https://example.com/data.txt
curl -I https://example.com
curl -X POST -d "name=test" https://api.example.com/data

---

📥 wget – Non-Interactive Network Downloader

Syntax:

wget [OPTIONS] [URL]

Options:

Option	Description
-O	Set output filename
-c	Continue download
-q	Quiet mode
-r	Recursive download
--limit-rate	Limit download speed

Examples:

wget https://example.com/file.zip
wget -O custom.zip https://example.com/file.zip
wget -c largefile.iso
wget -r https://example.com/docs/

---

🔐 ssh – Secure Shell Remote Login

Syntax:

ssh [OPTIONS] user@host

Options:

Option	Description
-p	Port number
-i	Identity file (private key)
-v	Verbose mode for debugging

Examples:

ssh user@192.168.1.10
ssh -p 2222 admin@example.com
ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa user@server.com

---

📤 scp – Secure Copy Over SSH

Syntax:

scp [OPTIONS] source destination

Options:

Option	Description
-r	Copy directories recursively
-P	Specify remote SSH port
-i	Identity (private key) file
-v	Verbose output

Examples:

scp file.txt user@host:/home/user/
scp -r dir/ user@host:/var/www/
scp -P 2222 backup.sql user@192.168.1.100:/tmp/

---

🔄 rsync – Efficient File Synchronization

Syntax:

rsync [OPTIONS] SOURCE DESTINATION

Options:

Option	Description
-a	Archive mode (recursive + preserve)
-v	Verbose output
-z	Compress during transfer
-r	Recursive
--delete	Delete files not in source
-e	Specify remote shell (like SSH)

Examples:

rsync -avz dir/ user@remote:/backup/
rsync -r file.txt /mnt/usb/
rsync -av --delete local/ remote:/sync/
rsync -e ssh file user@host:/path/

---

This site is open source. Improve this page.